The Factors That Influence Unemployment Among Fresh Graduates
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Published:
Mar 31, 2023
Keywords:
Unemployment, Fresh Graduates, Compensation, Level of Expectation
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Abstract
Unemployment among fresh graduates remains a pressing concern influenced by various interconnected factors. This study delves into the intricate relationships between compensation, level of expectation, work experience, and job scope towards the unemployment experienced by fresh graduates. Employing a qualitative method approach, this research aims to comprehensively analyze these factors and the impacts of prolonged unemployment on fresh graduates. Referring to the analysis, the level of expectation became the strongest factor influencing unemployment among fresh graduates, with r = .669, p < 0.05. Meanwhile, the highest impact on prolonged unemployment among fresh graduates is poverty. The research offers actionable insights for educational institutions, employers, policymakers, and career advisors to refine strategies to bridge the gap between graduate skills, market demands, and employment opportunities.
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Mohd, A. A., Ali, M. M., Roazi, N. I. M., Faruk, O., & Khan, F. F. P. (2023). The Factors That Influence Unemployment Among Fresh Graduates. Asian Social Science and Humanities Research Journal (ASHREJ), 5(1), 39-47. https://doi.org/10.37698/ashrej.v5i1.258
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References
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Krejcie, R.V. and Morgan, D.W. (1970). Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30, 607-610.
Maripaz, C. A. and Ombra, A. Imam. (2016). Graduates’ Competence on Employability Skills and Job Performance. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 5(2), 119 -125.
Md Razak, M. I., Mohd Yusof, A., Wan, N. S., Wan, E. J., Talib, A. H. (2014). Factors Influencing Unemployment among Graduates in Malaysia – An Overview. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, pp. 5–11.
Morrish, N., & Medina-Lara, A. (2021). Does unemployment lead to greater levels of loneliness? A systematic review. Social Science & Medicine, p. 287.
Oniore, J. O., Bernard, A. O. and Gyang, E. J. (2015). Macroeconomic determinants of unemployment in Nigeria. International Journals of Economics Commerce and Management, 3(10), 215–230.
Rayhan, A. A. M., Rusdarti, R., and Yanto, H. (2020). Factors Influencing Unemployment Rate: A Comparison Among Five ASEAN Countries. Journal of Economic Education, 9(1), 37-45.
Seng, L. C. (2018). Malaysia public universities’ graduate employability policies: an analysis of first-degree graduates’ unemployment and underemployment issues. International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research, 6(4), 480–489.
Shakur, E. S. A., Sa’at, N. H., Aziz, N., Abdullah, S. S., and Rasid, N. H. A. (2020). Determining Unemployment Factors Among Job Seeking Youth in the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(12), 565–576.
Wirawan, I. and Sentosa, S. U. (2021). Analysis of Factors Affecting the Unemployment Rate of Educational
Wirawan, I. and Sentosa, S. U. (2021). Analysis of Factors Affecting the Unemployment Rate of Educational Labor in Indonesia. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, 192, 93 – 97.
Yusof N., and Jamaluddin, Z. (2017). Graduate employability and preparedness: A case study of the University of Malaysia Perlis (UNIMAP), Malaysia. Geografia-Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 11(11).
Department of Statistics. (2016). Institute for Labour Market Information and Analysis (ILMIA). Unemployment. Retrieved from https://www.ilmia.gov.my/index.php/en/component/content/article/2-uncategorised/53-tableauunemployment?Itemid=275#:~:text=The%20term%20’labour%20force’%20refers,are%20at%20work%20or%20unemployed.
Dragan, I. M., and Isaic-Maniu, A. (2013). Snowball Sampling Completion. Journal of Studies in Social Sciences 5(2), 160–177.
Ghani, I. A. G. A. A. (2020). Employers’ Expectation and Preference of Graduates in Malaysia. Journal of Human Capital Development, 13(2).
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J. and Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis. 7th Edition, Pearson, New York.
Heng, H. Q., Lim, C. H., Theo, D. W. X. L., & Yep, Z. Y. (2023). Determinants Of Unemployment Among Fresh Graduates in Malaysia Before and During Covid-19 Pandemic. Unpublished thesis.
Hill, H. D., Romich, J., Mattingly, M. J., Shamsuddin, S., & Wething, H. (2017). An Introduction to Household Economic Instability and Social Policy. Social Service Review, 91(3), 371–389.
Hossain, M. I., Yagamaran, K. S. A., Afrin, T., Limon, N., Nasiruzzaman, M., & Karim, A. M. (2018). Factors Influencing Unemployment among Fresh Graduates: A Case Study in Klang Valley, Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 8(9), 1494 – 1507.
Husin, N. A., Rasli, S., Kumar, M. S. G. and Suppiah, G. (2021). Unemployment Crisis Among Fresh Graduates. American International Journal of Social Science Research, 10(1), 1-14.
Hossain, M. I., Yagamaran, K. S., Afrin, T., and Limon, N. (2018). Factors Influencing Unemployment among Fresh Graduates: A Case Study in Klang Valley. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 8(9), 1494-1507.
Lewańczyk, A. M., Langham-Walsh, E., Edwards, S., Branney, P., Walters, E. R., Mitchell, M., and Vaportzis, E. (2023). Back Onside protocol: A physical activity intervention to improve health outcomes in people who are unemployed or at risk of unemployment. Evaluation and Program Planning, 97.
O’Halloran, D. F. (2018). An occupational perspective on three solutions to unemployment. Journal of Occupational Science, 25(3), 297–308.
Jeffry, N. F. I. & Abdul Rahim, R. (2022). Conceptualisation of Unemployment Factors Among Malaysian University Graduates. Global Business and Management Research: An International Journal, 14(4).
Kong, J. (2017). Factors Affecting Employment and Unemployment for Fresh Graduates in China. InTech. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.69809.
Krejcie, R.V. and Morgan, D.W. (1970). Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30, 607-610.
Maripaz, C. A. and Ombra, A. Imam. (2016). Graduates’ Competence on Employability Skills and Job Performance. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 5(2), 119 -125.
Md Razak, M. I., Mohd Yusof, A., Wan, N. S., Wan, E. J., Talib, A. H. (2014). Factors Influencing Unemployment among Graduates in Malaysia – An Overview. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, pp. 5–11.
Morrish, N., & Medina-Lara, A. (2021). Does unemployment lead to greater levels of loneliness? A systematic review. Social Science & Medicine, p. 287.
Oniore, J. O., Bernard, A. O. and Gyang, E. J. (2015). Macroeconomic determinants of unemployment in Nigeria. International Journals of Economics Commerce and Management, 3(10), 215–230.
Rayhan, A. A. M., Rusdarti, R., and Yanto, H. (2020). Factors Influencing Unemployment Rate: A Comparison Among Five ASEAN Countries. Journal of Economic Education, 9(1), 37-45.
Seng, L. C. (2018). Malaysia public universities’ graduate employability policies: an analysis of first-degree graduates’ unemployment and underemployment issues. International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research, 6(4), 480–489.
Shakur, E. S. A., Sa’at, N. H., Aziz, N., Abdullah, S. S., and Rasid, N. H. A. (2020). Determining Unemployment Factors Among Job Seeking Youth in the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(12), 565–576.
Wirawan, I. and Sentosa, S. U. (2021). Analysis of Factors Affecting the Unemployment Rate of Educational
Wirawan, I. and Sentosa, S. U. (2021). Analysis of Factors Affecting the Unemployment Rate of Educational Labor in Indonesia. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, 192, 93 – 97.
Yusof N., and Jamaluddin, Z. (2017). Graduate employability and preparedness: A case study of the University of Malaysia Perlis (UNIMAP), Malaysia. Geografia-Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 11(11).