Green Consumerism: An Empirical Study of Malaysian Government-Linked University
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Published:
Jun 25, 2019
Keywords:
Green Consumerism, Green Marketing, Market Segmentation
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Abstract
The purpose of this study is to rank the types of green consumerism among university students. Evaluating the variables of demographic with the types of green consumerism will benefits the policymakers, green marketers and entrepreneurs in promoting green products and getting more prospects among university students. The sample in this study consists a total of 250 university students from Malaysian government-linked university. Descriptive study, reliability test, t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) using Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) 21.0 is used to analyse the data. Majority of students are being labelled as energy efficiency users. The findings proved that gender, age, race, and year of study have significanc differences with the classes of green consumerism. However, two variables of students’ demographic (i.e. hometown and study program) failed to show the differences.
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Zahari, A. R., & Esa, E. (2019). Green Consumerism: An Empirical Study of Malaysian Government-Linked University. Asian Social Science and Humanities Research Journal (ASHREJ), 1(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.37698/ashrej.v1i1.1
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References
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Fisher, C., Bashyal, S., & Bachman, B. (2012). Demographic impacts on environmentally friendly purchase behaviors. Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis for Marketing, 20(3/4), 172-184.
Ginsberg, J.M., & Bloom, P.N. (2004). Choosing the right green-marketing strategy. MIT Sloan Management Review, 46(1), 79-88.
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Jain, S., & Kaur, G. (2006). Role of socio-demographics in segmenting and profiling green consumers: An exploratory study of consumers in India. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 18(3), 107-117.
Joos, W., Carabias, V., Winistoerfer, H., & Stuecheli A. (1999). Social aspects of public waste management. Switzerland Waste Management, 19, 417-425.
Juwaheer, T.D. (2005). An emerging environmental market in Mauritius: myth or reality? World Review of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustustainability Development, 1(1), 57-74.
Karademir, A., Karahan, S., Imamoglu, S., Ertas, M., Aygan, A., Aydemir, C., & Pesman, E. (2012). Paper recycling of enzyme and ultrasonic energy use. History Culture and Art Research Magazine (Consuption Society and Environment), 1(4), 280-297.
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Laroche, M., Bergeron, J., & Barbaro-Forleo, G. (2001). Targeting consumers who are willing to pay more for environmentally friendly products. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 18(6), 503-520.
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McDonagh, P., & Clark, A. (1995). Corporate communications about sustainability: Turning clever companies into enlightened companies. Greener Management International, 11, 49–62.
McDougall, G. (1993). The green movement in Canada: Implications for marketing strategy. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 5(3), 69-87.
Morrissey, A.J., & Browne, J. (2004): Waste management models and their application to sustainable waste management. Waste Management, 24, 297-308.
Mostafa, M. M. (2007). Gender differences in Egyptian consumers green purchase behaviour: The effects of environmental knowledge, concern and attitude. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 31, 220-229. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-6431.2006.00523.x
Nair, P.B. (2015). Profiling green consumer characteristics: an eternal quandary. Journal of Advanced Science, 3(2), 174-178.
Narula, S.A., & Desore, A. (2016). Framing green consumer behaviour research: opportunities and challenges. Social Responsibility Journal, 12(1), 1-22.
Ngo, K. (2008). The influence of environmental claims on consumers’ willingness to purchase. Retrieved from http://nature.berkeley.edu/
Nik Abdul Rashid, N. R. (2009). Awareness of eco-label in Malaysia’s green marketing initiative. International Journal of Business and Management, 4(8), 132-141. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v4n8p132
Ojala, M. (2012). Hope and climate change: The importance of hope for environmental engagement among young people. Environmental Education Research, 18, 625-642.
Pavot, W., Diener, E., Colvin, C. R., & Sandvik, E. (1991). Further validation of the satisfaction with life scale: Evidence for the cross-method convergence of well-being measures. Journal of Personality Assessment, 57, 149-161.
Peattie, K., & Charter, M. (1997). Green marketing. In: P. McDonagh and A. Prothero (eds.) Green Management. New York: The Dryden Press, 388-412.
Perunding Good Earth. (2009). The e-waste inventory project in Malaysia. Department of Environment, Malaysia & EX- Corporation, Japan.
Sengul, U. (2010). Recycling of wastes and reverse logistics. Paradoks, Journal of Economics, Sociology and Policy, 6(1), 73-86
Shabani, N., Ashoori, M., Taghinejad, M., Beyrami, H., & Fekri, M.N. (2013). The study of green consumers’ characteristics and available green sectors in the market. International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences, 4(7), 1880-1883.
Shamdasani, P., Gloria, O. C.L., & Daleen, R. (1993). Exploring green consumers in an oriental culture: Role of personal and marketing mix factors. Advances in Consumer Research, 20, 491.
Shrum, L.J., & McCarty, J.A. (1995). Buyer characteristics of the green consumer and their implications for advertising strategy. Journal of Advertising, 24(2), 71-83.
Sutjipto, E.R., Li, K., Pongpattanasuegsa, S. & Nazhad, M.M. (2008). Effect of recycling on paper properties. TAPPSA Journal. Retrieved from http://www.tappsa.co.za/archive3/index.html.
Tanner, C., & Kast, S. W. (2003). Promoting sustainable consumption: determinants of green purchases by Swiss consumers. Psychological Marketing, 20, 883-902.
Tseng, C.H. (2016). The effect of price discounts on green consumerism behavioral intentions. Journal of Concumer Behaviour, 15(4), 325-334.
Yorulmaz, U.U. (2016). Green consumer in green marketing. International Journal of Online Marketing Research, 2(1), 14-21.
Awad, T.A. (2011). Environmental segmentation alternatives: buyers' profiles and implications. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 2(1), 55-73.
Boztepe, A. (2012). Gren marketing and its impact on consumer buying behavior. European Journal of Economic and Political Studies, 5(1), 5-21.
Brown, J. & Wahlers, R. (1998). The environmentally concerned consumer: An exploratory study. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 6(2), 39-47.
Carlson, L., Grove, S., Kangun, N., & Polonsky, M. (1996). An international comparison of environmental advertising: substantive versus associative claims. Journal of Macromarketing, 16(2), 57-68.
Chan, R. Y. K. (2001). Determinants of Chinese consumers’ green purchase behaviour. Psychology and Marketing, 18(4), 389-413. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mar.1013
Cheah, C. M. (2009). A study on consumers green purchasing intention (Unpublished master’s thesis). Malaysia: College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia.
Compendium of Environment Statistics (2015). Retrieved from https://www.statistics.gov.my/
D’Souza, C., Taghian, M., Lamb, P., & Peretiatkos, R. (2006). Green products and corporate strategy: An empirical investigation. Society and Business Review, 1(2), 144-157. DeVellis, R.F. (2003). Scale development: Theory and applications (2nd ed.), Thousand Oaks, California: Sage.
do Paço, A.M.F., & Raposo, M.L.B. (2010). Green consumer market segmentation: empirical findings from Portugal. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 34(4), 429-436.
do Paço, A.M.F., Raposo, M.L.B., & Filho, W.L. (2009). Identifying the green consumer: A segmentation study. Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis for Marketing, 17(1), 17-25.
Dunlap, R., & Scarce, R. (1991). Environmental problems and protections. Public Opinion Quarterly, 55, 651-672.
Fisher, C., Bashyal, S., & Bachman, B. (2012). Demographic impacts on environmentally friendly purchase behaviors. Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis for Marketing, 20(3/4), 172-184.
Ginsberg, J.M., & Bloom, P.N. (2004). Choosing the right green-marketing strategy. MIT Sloan Management Review, 46(1), 79-88.
Goh, Y.N., & Abdul Wahid, N. (2015). A review on green purchase behaviour trend of Malaysian consumers. Asian Social Science, 11(2), 103-110.
International Energy Agency (2016). Retrieved from https://www.iea.org/topics/energyefficiency/
Jain, S., & Kaur, G. (2006). Role of socio-demographics in segmenting and profiling green consumers: An exploratory study of consumers in India. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 18(3), 107-117.
Joos, W., Carabias, V., Winistoerfer, H., & Stuecheli A. (1999). Social aspects of public waste management. Switzerland Waste Management, 19, 417-425.
Juwaheer, T.D. (2005). An emerging environmental market in Mauritius: myth or reality? World Review of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustustainability Development, 1(1), 57-74.
Karademir, A., Karahan, S., Imamoglu, S., Ertas, M., Aygan, A., Aydemir, C., & Pesman, E. (2012). Paper recycling of enzyme and ultrasonic energy use. History Culture and Art Research Magazine (Consuption Society and Environment), 1(4), 280-297.
Kaufmann, H. R., Panni, M. F. A. K., & Orphanidou, Y. (2012). Factors affecting consumers’ green purchasing behaviour: An integrated conceptual framework. Amfiteatru Economic, 15(31), 50-69. Retrieved from http://www.amfiteatrueconomic.ase.ro/english/archive.html
Kerret, D., Orkibi, H., & Ronen, T. (2016). Testing a model linking environmental hope and self-control with students’ positive emotions and environmental behavior. The Journal of Environmental Education, 47 (4), 307-317.
Laroche, M., Bergeron, J., & Barbaro-Forleo, G. (2001). Targeting consumers who are willing to pay more for environmentally friendly products. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 18(6), 503-520.
Lee, K. (2008). Opportunities for green marketing: Young consumers. Marketing Intelligent and Planning, 26, 573-586.
Lung, S. (2010). Green consumerism-the way to effectively differentiate your products in Asia-Pacific market (online article). Retrieved from http://ezinearticles.com/?Green-Consumerism---The-Way-to-Effectively-Differentiate-Your-Products-in-Asia-Pacific Market&id=4875312. 32
MacEachern, D. (2008). Big green purse: Use your spending power to create a cleaner. Penguin: Greener World, 436.
Mainieri, T., Barnett, E., Valdero, T.R., Unipan, J.B., & Oskamp, S. (1997). Green buying: The influence of environmental concern on consumer behaviour. Journal of Social Psychology, 137(2), 189-204.
McDonagh, P., & Clark, A. (1995). Corporate communications about sustainability: Turning clever companies into enlightened companies. Greener Management International, 11, 49–62.
McDougall, G. (1993). The green movement in Canada: Implications for marketing strategy. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 5(3), 69-87.
Morrissey, A.J., & Browne, J. (2004): Waste management models and their application to sustainable waste management. Waste Management, 24, 297-308.
Mostafa, M. M. (2007). Gender differences in Egyptian consumers green purchase behaviour: The effects of environmental knowledge, concern and attitude. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 31, 220-229. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-6431.2006.00523.x
Nair, P.B. (2015). Profiling green consumer characteristics: an eternal quandary. Journal of Advanced Science, 3(2), 174-178.
Narula, S.A., & Desore, A. (2016). Framing green consumer behaviour research: opportunities and challenges. Social Responsibility Journal, 12(1), 1-22.
Ngo, K. (2008). The influence of environmental claims on consumers’ willingness to purchase. Retrieved from http://nature.berkeley.edu/
Nik Abdul Rashid, N. R. (2009). Awareness of eco-label in Malaysia’s green marketing initiative. International Journal of Business and Management, 4(8), 132-141. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v4n8p132
Ojala, M. (2012). Hope and climate change: The importance of hope for environmental engagement among young people. Environmental Education Research, 18, 625-642.
Pavot, W., Diener, E., Colvin, C. R., & Sandvik, E. (1991). Further validation of the satisfaction with life scale: Evidence for the cross-method convergence of well-being measures. Journal of Personality Assessment, 57, 149-161.
Peattie, K., & Charter, M. (1997). Green marketing. In: P. McDonagh and A. Prothero (eds.) Green Management. New York: The Dryden Press, 388-412.
Perunding Good Earth. (2009). The e-waste inventory project in Malaysia. Department of Environment, Malaysia & EX- Corporation, Japan.
Sengul, U. (2010). Recycling of wastes and reverse logistics. Paradoks, Journal of Economics, Sociology and Policy, 6(1), 73-86
Shabani, N., Ashoori, M., Taghinejad, M., Beyrami, H., & Fekri, M.N. (2013). The study of green consumers’ characteristics and available green sectors in the market. International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences, 4(7), 1880-1883.
Shamdasani, P., Gloria, O. C.L., & Daleen, R. (1993). Exploring green consumers in an oriental culture: Role of personal and marketing mix factors. Advances in Consumer Research, 20, 491.
Shrum, L.J., & McCarty, J.A. (1995). Buyer characteristics of the green consumer and their implications for advertising strategy. Journal of Advertising, 24(2), 71-83.
Sutjipto, E.R., Li, K., Pongpattanasuegsa, S. & Nazhad, M.M. (2008). Effect of recycling on paper properties. TAPPSA Journal. Retrieved from http://www.tappsa.co.za/archive3/index.html.
Tanner, C., & Kast, S. W. (2003). Promoting sustainable consumption: determinants of green purchases by Swiss consumers. Psychological Marketing, 20, 883-902.
Tseng, C.H. (2016). The effect of price discounts on green consumerism behavioral intentions. Journal of Concumer Behaviour, 15(4), 325-334.
Yorulmaz, U.U. (2016). Green consumer in green marketing. International Journal of Online Marketing Research, 2(1), 14-21.